Is Physical Exercise Capable of Beginning the Powerful Tool for Regulation of Brown Adipocytes Activity?

In mammals, it has been widely accepted that there are three types of adipocytes; white adipocytes, brown adipocytes, and beige adipocytes. White adipocytes are comprised of unilocular large lipid droplet that can store triglycerides as energy, and they play a key role in energy metabolism by providing free fatty acids and glycerol through the hydrolysis of triglycerides [1]. In contrast, brown adipocytes are comprised of multilocular lipid droplet with rich mitochondria into their cell bodies. Function of numerous mitochondria in brown adipocytes is to provide the heat production through free fatty acids which are sourced from hydrolysis of multilocular lipid droplet, thereby increasing in whole body energy expenditure [2]. Moreover, the research done over the past decade have demonstrated that beige adipocytes are identified within white adipocytes that express high levels of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), a marker of brown adipocyte, and contributes thermogenesis [3]. These cells can permit distinction from brown adipocytes via expression of such as Tmem26 and CD137, surface markers of beige adipocytes [4]. Thus, it has considered that systemic energy metabolisms in mammalian bodies are regulated, at least in part, through differencein physiological role of three types of adipocytes.

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