Editorial — Ether- a medium assumed to permeate space and fill interstices between particles of air and other matter, medium in which electromagnetic waves are transmitted. Oxford Dictionary 1965 page 415. I hereby propose that faint background radiation is nothing but cellular dust emission. I also attribute anti matter discrepancies with matter…

Introduction — In the advancement of science, the employment of contemporary radiation therapy (xRT); the most effective way to counter malignancy, in the realm of cancer treatment has been exploited in the last few decades extensively. Although, half of all cancer patients worldwide, treated by radiotherapy may be responsible for the consequential…

Introduction — Seizures are a common challenge in neurosurgery practice. The risk of post‐craniotomy seizures varies from 3% to 92% over five years [1]. About 20–50% patients have at least one seizure in the post-operative period and about two-thirds of seizures occur within the first month of cranial surgery [2,3]. There are…

Introduction — Climacteric corresponds to the period of life during which women gradually lose their reproductive capacity as a result of aging [1]. This period, according to the World Health Organization, commonly occurs between the ages of 40 and 65. It is closely related to loss of activity of ovarian follicles, with…

Arbuscular Mychorrhizae Fungi (AMF) — Mycorrhizae are an important player in the ecosystem. Three different types of mycorrhizae are arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), ectomycorrhizae (EcM), and ericoid mycorrhizae (ErM). These microorganisms respond to elevated carbon dioxide, global warming, and changes in the distribution of rainfall. Variation in temperature and rainfall is supported by changes in the…

Introduction — A soil dwelling fungal pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii (Athelia rolfsii, belonging to phylum Basidiomycota, sub-phylum Agaricomycotina and class Agaricomycetes) causing seedling mortality/root rot/ collar rot is a widely distributed pathogen of crop plants around the world. Its presence is reported from 45 countries in Africa region, 28 countries in Asian region…

Introduction — Recently, endoscopic interventions have begun to take up a significant share of all operations. The introduction of new technologies opens up broad prospects for the use of minimally invasive operations in various branches of surgery [1,2]. Video laparoscopy has become one of the promising areas of minimally invasive treatment of…

Introduction — The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute disease that is transmitted mainly via droplets and primarily affects the respiratory system. Symptoms in most patients are mild, however the disease can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock and multiple organ failure in some patients. After the Severe Acute Respiratory…

Introduction — The emerging of COVID-19 as a deadly infectious disease and its declaration by world Health Organization on 11 March 2020 as a global pandemic have impacted all aspects of life seriously all over the world [1]. The education system was the one of the most affected sectors all over the…